Recent Updates on the Development of Ganetespib as a Hsp90 Inhibitor

[MandySwift]

Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is a highly conserved molecular chaperone which modulates cellular homeostasis and environmental stress responses by interacting with more than 200 proteins, also known as Hsp90 client proteins, to facilitate their folding and maturation processes. Hsp90 comprises an N-terminal ATP-binding domain, a central domain that regulates the ATPase activity of the N-terminal domain, and a C-terminal domain that mediates constitutive Hsp90.

 

It was reported that Hsp90 can help tumor cells to maintain the malignant state with assistance of many oncoproteins, including Bcr-Abl, B-Raf, HIF-1α, mutated EGFR, HER2/neu, mutant p53, and many others, in a similar manner to normal cells. Accordingly, Hsp90 was suggested as a novel target for cancer therapy. Furthermore, the results of a study revealed that its inhibitors have the potential to target multiple cancer processes such as evading apoptosis, insensitivity to anti-growth signals, sustained angiogenesis, tissue invasion and metastasis, limitless replicative potential and self-sufficiency in growth signals.

 

A variety of Hsp90 inhibitors have been tested in preclinical and clinical trials. The first-generation of Hsp90 inhibitors are benzoquinone ansamycins, including geldanamycin and its derivatives tanespimycin(17-AAG) and alvespimycin (17-DMAG). However, the clinical progression of this group has been hampered because of several drawbacks including poor solubility, formulation problems, potential multidrug efflux, and hepatotoxicity. Also, as monotherapy, these inhibitors have only shown modest efficacies in the clinical setting, indicating that they may be useful only in combination therapies along with other cancer drugs. In an effort to overcome these limitations, several second-generation Hsp90 inhibitors featuring different chemotypes and potencies are currently under development. Among which, ganetespib and NVP-AUY992 are involved in most active clinical trials. The clinical trials of NVP-AUY922 are focused on combination therapy, whereas the focus for ganetespib lies on monotherapy as well as combination therapy of a variety of adaptations.

 

Ganetespib (3-(2,4-dihydroxy-5-isopropyl-phenyl)-4-(1-methyl-indol-5-yl)-5-hydroxy-[1,2,4]triazole, STA-9090), a novel resorcinol-containing triazole compound unrelated to the ansamycin family of Hsp90 inhibitors, is one of the most promising Hsp90 inhibitor. It was reported that ganetespib displayed superior potency to the firstgeneration inhibitors and is currently in a phase III clinical trial led by Synta Pharmaceuticals. Herein, the current status and updates on the development of ganetespib will be described based on recent reports.

[Ricardo]

This looks really interesting but I can't find the link between this and how it relates to clusters.  Can you explain more?

 

Thanks

 

-Ricardo

[Pebblesthecorgi]

Looks like part of an abstract but unsure regarding implications for cluster folks

 

 

 

Biomolecules. 2015 Dec; 5(4): 2589–2618.

Published online 2015 Oct 16. doi:  10.3390/biom5042589

PMCID: PMC4693249

Hsp90: A New Player in DNA Repair?

Rosa Pennisi,1 Paolo Ascenzi,1,2 and Alessandra di Masi1,2,*

Thomas Helleday, Academic Editor, Wolf-Dietrich Heyer, Academic Editor, and Fumio Hanaoka, Academic Editor